海河平原贮墒旱作模式下丰产高水效型冬小麦品种特征研究
首发时间:2025-03-14
摘要:冬小麦贮墒旱作节水栽培模式在水资源匮乏的海河平原被广泛关注,但目前系统解析适宜该模式的冬小麦品种生长发育及产量形成特征的研究相对较少。于2021-2023年冬小麦季,在河北农业大学辛集实验站,采用随机区组设计,研究了海河平原大面积推广的16个冬小麦品种在贮墒旱作模式下生长发育及产量形成特征。以2个试验季平均产量和水分利用效率为依据进行系统聚类分析,16个品种可分为丰产高水效(hyhw)品种、中产中水效(mymw)品种和低产低水效(lylw)品种。其中hyhw型小麦品种的特征为:穗粒数较高,千粒重稳定;各生育阶段叶面积指数较高,分蘖数和成穗率较高,花前干物质转运量高;旗叶保护酶活性强、持绿性强,花后干物质积累量高。上述研究结果为选择适宜贮墒旱作模式冬小麦品种选择提供了依据,为配套节水丰产栽培技术研发提供了参考。?????
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study on the characteristics of winter wheat varieties with high yield and high water efficiency under sufficient base moisture without irrigation in whole stage in haihe plain
abstract:the water-saving cultivation mode of winter wheat has been widely concerned in the haihe plain where water resources are scarce. however, few studies focused on the growth and yield formation characteristics of winter wheat under this mode. in the winter wheat season from 2021 to 2023, a randomized block design was conducted to study the growth and yield formation characteristics of 16 winter wheat varieties widely used in the haihe plain sufficient base moisture without irrigation in whole stage. the results showed that 16 varieties could be divided into high yield and high water efficiency (hyhw) varieties, medium yield and medium water efficiency (mymw) varieties and low yield and study on the characteristics of winter wheat varieties with high yield and high water efficiency under sufficient base moisture without irrigation in whole stage in haihe plainlow water efficiency (lylw) varieties by cluster analysis based on the average yield and water use efficiency of the two test seasons. the characteristics of hyhw wheat varieties are as follows: high grain number per spike and stable 1000-grain weight; the leaf area index at each growth stage was higher, the tiller number and earing rate were higher, and the dry matter transport before flowering was higher. the flag leaf has strong protective enzyme activity, strong green retention, and high dry matter accumulation after flowering. the above research results provide a basis for the selection of winter wheat varieties suitable for soil moisture storage dry farming mode, and provide a reference for the research and development of supporting water-saving and high-yield cultivation techniques.
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海河平原贮墒旱作模式下丰产高水效型冬小麦品种特征研究
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