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中空微纳结构材料在锂硫电池中的应用
首发时间：2022-03-24
摘要：锂硫电池（lithium sulfur battries，lsbs）具有较高的理论比容量和比能量，两者分别达到1675 mah/g和2600 wh/kg，明显优于目前商用锂离子电池。但由于单质硫近乎绝缘，并且在循环过程中体积膨胀/收缩率高达79％，同时放电中间产物会溶于电解液并穿过隔膜，导致"穿梭效应"，使得锂硫电池的商用化面临极大挑战。本文介绍了锂硫电池的工作原理以及面临的问题，总结了中空微纳结构材料在锂硫电池正极改性及隔膜修饰中的应用典例，系统地讨论了中空微纳结构在缓冲硫正极体积变化、抑制多硫化物穿梭和提高多硫化物催化转化动力学等方面的重要作用，最后展望了该领域今后的研究方向。
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application of hollow micro/nano structure materials in lithium sulfur batteries
abstract：lithium sulfur battries (lsbs) has higher theoretical specific capacity and specific energy, reaching 1675 mah/g and 2600 wh/kg respectively, which is obviously better than the current commercial lithium ion battery. however, the commercialization of lithium-sulfur batteries is faced with great challenges due to the fact that elemental sulfur is nearly insulated, and the volume expansion/shrinkage rate is as high as 79% during the cycle, and the discharge intermediates dissolve in the electrolyte and pass through the diaphragm, resulting in "shuttle effect". this paper introduces the working principle of lithium sulfur batteries and facing problems, summarizes the hollow micro-nano structure material in lithium sulfur batteries should be because of the positive electrode modified and modified diaphragm, systematically discussed the hollow micro-nano structure in the buffer sulfur positive volume change, inhibit sulfide shuttle and improve sulfur catalytic transformation kinetics of important role, finally, the future research directions in this field are prospected.
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